Understanding Diabetes: Causes, Types, and When to Seek Medical Help

Understanding Diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic health condition that affects how your body processes blood sugar (glucose). Without proper management, it can lead to serious complications, including heart disease, kidney damage, and vision problems. Whether you're newly diagnosed or living with diabetes long-term, My Health Assistant can help you find experienced health professionals near me to support you with personalised care and guidance.

What is Diabetes?

Diabetes occurs when the body either doesn’t produce enough insulin or can’t use insulin effectively, leading to high levels of glucose in the blood.

There are several main types of diabetes:

Type 1 Diabetes – an autoimmune condition where the body stops producing insulin, often diagnosed in childhood or adolescence.

Type 2 Diabetes – the most common form, where the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn't produce enough. It usually develops in adults but is increasingly seen in younger people.

Gestational Diabetes – occurs during pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth, though it increases the risk of developing type 2 later.

Pre-diabetes – a condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be diagnosed as type 2 diabetes.

Common Symptoms of Diabetes

Symptoms may develop gradually or suddenly, and can include:

Frequent urination, especially at night

Extreme thirst

Unexplained weight loss

Fatigue or low energy

Blurred vision

Slow healing wounds

Tingling or numbness in hands and feet

Frequent infections, such as thrush or UTIs

If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, it’s important to see a healthcare provider for testing.

Causes and Risk Factors

The cause of diabetes varies by type:

Type 1: Caused by an autoimmune response that destroys insulin-producing cells

Type 2: Linked to genetics, lifestyle factors, and insulin resistance

Gestational diabetes: Triggered by hormonal changes in pregnancy

Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include:

Being overweight or inactive

Family history of diabetes

High blood pressure or cholesterol

Age over 40 (or over 25 for some ethnic groups)

History of gestational diabetes

When to See a Health Professional

You should consult a healthcare provider if:

You have symptoms of high or low blood sugar

You have risk factors for diabetes and haven’t been tested

You’re struggling to manage your blood sugar

You’re pregnant and experiencing unusual symptoms

You want support with weight, diet, or lifestyle changes

Early diagnosis is crucial to prevent complications and maintain good health.

Which Health Professionals Treat Diabetes

If you're searching for health professionals near me to support your diabetes management, you may be referred to:

General Practitioners (GPs) – for diagnosis, prescriptions, and ongoing care

Diabetes specialist nurses – for education, insulin support, and monitoring

Endocrinologists – for complex or hard-to-manage cases

Dietitians or nutritionists – for dietary advice and meal planning

Podiatrists – for foot health checks (important in diabetes care)

Ophthalmologists – to monitor and treat diabetic eye conditions

Pharmacists – for medication advice and blood sugar monitoring supplies

A coordinated care approach helps ensure every aspect of your diabetes is managed well.

Risks of Ignoring Diabetes

If left untreated or poorly managed, diabetes can lead to serious health issues, including:

Heart disease and stroke

Kidney damage (diabetic nephropathy)

Nerve damage (neuropathy)

Vision loss or blindness (diabetic retinopathy)

Foot ulcers and amputation

Mental health concerns such as depression and anxiety

With proper care, many people with diabetes live long, healthy lives.

What Treatment Options Are There for Diabetes?

Management depends on the type of diabetes and individual needs but often includes:

Type 1 Diabetes:

Daily insulin injections or insulin pump therapy

Blood glucose monitoring

Carbohydrate counting and diet planning

Type 2 Diabetes:

Lifestyle changes – diet, exercise, and weight management

Oral medications – such as metformin

Insulin therapy – if needed

Regular monitoring and blood tests

Gestational Diabetes:

Blood sugar monitoring

Diet and lifestyle changes

Insulin therapy if required

Ongoing education and regular check-ups are key to successful diabetes management.

Summary

Diabetes is a manageable long-term condition that requires the right care, education, and lifestyle support. Whether you’re newly diagnosed or looking to improve your management, expert help is available. Use My Health Assistant to connect with trusted health professionals near me and take control of your health with confidence.