Understanding Obesity: Causes, Types, and When to Seek Medical Help

Understanding Obesity

What is Obesity?

Obesity is a chronic condition characterised by an excessive accumulation of body fat that poses a risk to health. It is typically defined by a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher. Obesity is not just a cosmetic concern — it increases the risk of numerous diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. Managing obesity involves lifestyle changes, medical interventions, and professional support to achieve long-term, sustainable health improvements.

Common Symptoms of Obesity

The main symptom of obesity is an excessive amount of body fat, but it may also lead to:

Breathlessness

Increased sweating

Difficulty with physical activity

Joint and back pain

Fatigue and low energy levels

Sleep problems, including sleep apnoea

Low self-esteem or depression

Skin conditions (such as infections in skin folds)

Obesity can significantly impact daily life and overall wellbeing.

Causes of Obesity

Obesity results from a complex interplay of factors, including:

Overeating – especially foods high in fat and sugar

Sedentary lifestyle – low levels of physical activity

Genetics – a family history of obesity can increase risk

Medical conditions – such as hypothyroidism or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Medications – like certain antidepressants, corticosteroids, or antipsychotics

Psychological factors – including stress, emotional eating, and depression

Socioeconomic factors – affecting access to healthy food and exercise opportunities

Identifying the underlying causes is key to developing an effective treatment plan.

When to See a Doctor

You should seek medical advice if:

Your BMI is 30 or higher, or 25–29.9 with additional health risks

You are struggling to lose weight despite healthy diet and exercise efforts

Obesity is affecting your physical health, mobility, or mental wellbeing

You experience symptoms such as sleep apnoea, high blood pressure, or diabetes

You need support with weight management strategies or specialist interventions

Early intervention can significantly reduce the risk of developing obesity-related complications.

Which Health Professionals Treat Obesity?

A range of health professionals can support you in managing obesity, including:

General practitioners (GPs) – for assessment, advice, and referrals

Dietitians or nutritionists – for tailored dietary guidance

Endocrinologists – for hormonal or metabolic issues

Bariatric specialists and surgeons – for weight-loss surgeries if appropriate

Physiotherapists – for safe exercise programs

Psychologists or counsellors – for emotional and behavioural support

Searching for health professionals near me for obesity management? My Health Assistant connects you with trusted experts nearby.

Risks Associated with Untreated Obesity

Without treatment, obesity can lead to serious health conditions, such as:

Type 2 diabetes

Heart disease and stroke

Certain cancers (including breast, colon, and endometrial cancer)

Osteoarthritis

Sleep apnoea and breathing problems

Fatty liver disease

Mental health issues – such as anxiety and depression

Comprehensive management helps reduce these risks and improve overall health outcomes.

Treatment Options for Obesity

Treatment for obesity typically involves a combination of strategies, including:

Lifestyle changes:

Healthy, balanced diet plans

Regular physical activity tailored to ability and needs

Behavioural therapy to address emotional eating patterns

Medical treatments:

Prescription weight-loss medications

Managing underlying health conditions contributing to weight gain

Surgical options:

Bariatric surgery (e.g., gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy) for qualifying individuals

Ongoing support:

Regular monitoring and coaching

Group programs and peer support groups

A personalised approach is essential for long-term success.

Summary

Obesity is a complex condition that requires understanding, personalised care, and ongoing support. With the right professional help, it is possible to achieve meaningful health improvements and prevent serious complications. My Health Assistant makes it easy to connect with trusted health professionals near me who can guide you on your weight management journey. Take the first step towards better health today at www.myha.co.uk.