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Understanding Lung Cancer: Causes, Types, and When to Seek Medical Help

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Understanding Lung Cancer

 

What is Lung Cancer?

Lung cancer is a serious condition that begins in the lungs, typically in the cells lining the airways. It is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide and can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated early. Lung cancer is classified into two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), each requiring different approaches to treatment. Early detection significantly improves the chances of successful treatment.

 

Common Symptoms of Lung Cancer

Lung cancer may not cause symptoms in its early stages, but as it progresses, signs can include:

Persistent cough that doesn’t go away

Coughing up blood (haemoptysis)

Shortness of breath

Chest pain or discomfort

Unexplained weight loss

Fatigue or weakness

Hoarseness

Recurrent chest infections (e.g. bronchitis or pneumonia)

Wheezing

If you’re experiencing these symptoms, especially if you're a current or former smoker, it’s important to seek medical advice promptly.

 

Causes of Lung Cancer

The main causes and risk factors for lung cancer include:

Smoking – the leading cause of lung cancer (linked to around 70% of cases)

Secondhand smoke exposure

Exposure to asbestos, radon gas, or industrial chemicals

Air pollution

Family history of lung cancer

Previous radiation therapy to the chest

Personal history of lung disease such as COPD

While smoking is the primary risk factor, lung cancer can also occur in non-smokers.

 

When to See a Doctor

You should consult a healthcare professional if you:

Have a cough lasting more than three weeks

Notice blood in your sputum or have worsening respiratory symptoms

Experience unexplained weight loss or persistent fatigue

Have recurring chest infections

Are at higher risk due to smoking or occupational exposure

Early evaluation can lead to quicker diagnosis and better treatment outcomes.

 

Which Health Professionals Treat Lung Cancer?

Lung cancer care involves a coordinated team of specialists, including:

General practitioners (GPs) – for initial assessment and referrals

Respiratory specialists (pulmonologists) – for lung function tests and diagnosis

Oncologists – for cancer treatment planning (chemotherapy, immunotherapy, etc.)

Thoracic surgeons – for surgical removal of tumours

Radiologists – for imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, and PET scans

Palliative care teams – for symptom relief and emotional support

Nurse specialists – for ongoing care and patient navigation

Looking for health professionals near me for lung cancer support? My Health Assistant can connect you with experienced specialists in your area.

 

Risks Associated with Untreated Lung Cancer

If left untreated, lung cancer can:

Spread (metastasise) to other parts of the body, including the brain, liver, and bones

Cause breathing difficulties and chronic pain

Lead to life-threatening complications such as collapsed lungs or infections

Severely impact quality of life and lifespan

Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for improving survival and managing symptoms.

 

Treatment Options for Lung Cancer

Treatment for lung cancer depends on the type, stage, and overall health of the individual. Common treatments include:

Surgery – to remove cancerous tissue if detected early

Chemotherapy – to kill or shrink cancer cells

Radiation therapy – targeted treatment for localised tumours

Immunotherapy – to help the immune system fight cancer

Targeted therapy – using drugs that specifically attack cancer cell mutations

Palliative care – to manage symptoms and improve comfort at any stage

A personalised care plan developed by a multidisciplinary team ensures the best possible outcome.

 

Summary

Lung cancer is a serious but treatable condition, especially when caught early. Whether you're seeking diagnosis, treatment, or support after a lung cancer diagnosis, My Health Assistant can connect you with compassionate and experienced health professionals near me. Take control of your health and find the care you need at www.myha.co.uk.